Reimplement DSA parsing logic with crypto/asn1.

Functions which lose object reuse and need auditing:
- d2i_DSA_SIG
- d2i_DSAPublicKey
- d2i_DSAPrivateKey
- d2i_DSAparams

BUG=499653

Change-Id: I1cc2ae10e1e77eb57da3a858ac8734a95715ce4b
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/7022
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This commit is contained in:
David Benjamin 2016-01-30 01:51:01 -05:00 committed by Adam Langley
parent 3cadf63c68
commit fda22a7573
4 changed files with 390 additions and 122 deletions

View File

@ -392,6 +392,21 @@ err:
return ok;
}
DSA *DSAparams_dup(const DSA *dsa) {
DSA *ret = DSA_new();
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
ret->p = BN_dup(dsa->p);
ret->q = BN_dup(dsa->q);
ret->g = BN_dup(dsa->g);
if (ret->p == NULL || ret->q == NULL || ret->g == NULL) {
DSA_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
return ret;
}
int DSA_generate_key(DSA *dsa) {
int ok = 0;
BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;

View File

@ -54,87 +54,283 @@
#include <openssl/dsa.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <openssl/asn1.h>
#include <openssl/asn1t.h>
#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/bytestring.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/mem.h>
#include "internal.h"
#include "../bytestring/internal.h"
static int dsa_sig_cb(int operation, ASN1_VALUE **pval, const ASN1_ITEM *it,
void *exarg) {
if (operation != ASN1_OP_NEW_PRE) {
return 1;
}
DSA_SIG *sig;
sig = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(DSA_SIG));
if (!sig) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
static int parse_integer(CBS *cbs, BIGNUM **out) {
assert(*out == NULL);
*out = BN_new();
if (*out == NULL) {
return 0;
}
memset(sig, 0, sizeof(DSA_SIG));
*pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)sig;
return 2;
return BN_parse_asn1_unsigned(cbs, *out);
}
ASN1_SEQUENCE_cb(DSA_SIG, dsa_sig_cb) = {
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA_SIG, r, CBIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA_SIG, s, CBIGNUM)} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END_cb(DSA_SIG, DSA_SIG);
IMPLEMENT_ASN1_ENCODE_FUNCTIONS_const_fname(DSA_SIG, DSA_SIG, DSA_SIG);
static int dsa_cb(int operation, ASN1_VALUE **pval, const ASN1_ITEM *it,
void *exarg) {
switch (operation) {
case ASN1_OP_NEW_PRE:
*pval = (ASN1_VALUE *)DSA_new();
if (*pval) {
return 2;
}
return 0;
case ASN1_OP_FREE_PRE:
DSA_free((DSA *)*pval);
*pval = NULL;
return 2;
default:
return 1;
static int marshal_integer(CBB *cbb, BIGNUM *bn) {
if (bn == NULL) {
/* A DSA object may be missing some components. */
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, ERR_R_PASSED_NULL_PARAMETER);
return 0;
}
return BN_marshal_asn1(cbb, bn);
}
ASN1_SEQUENCE_cb(DSAPrivateKey, dsa_cb) = {
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, version, LONG),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, p, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, q, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, g, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, pub_key, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, priv_key, BIGNUM)} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END_cb(DSA,
DSAPrivateKey);
IMPLEMENT_ASN1_ENCODE_FUNCTIONS_const_fname(DSA, DSAPrivateKey, DSAPrivateKey);
ASN1_SEQUENCE_cb(DSAparams, dsa_cb) = {
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, p, BIGNUM), ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, q, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, g, BIGNUM), } ASN1_SEQUENCE_END_cb(DSA, DSAparams);
IMPLEMENT_ASN1_ENCODE_FUNCTIONS_const_fname(DSA, DSAparams, DSAparams);
ASN1_SEQUENCE_cb(DSAPublicKey, dsa_cb) = {
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, pub_key, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, p, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, q, BIGNUM),
ASN1_SIMPLE(DSA, g, BIGNUM)
} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END_cb(DSA, DSAPublicKey);
IMPLEMENT_ASN1_ENCODE_FUNCTIONS_const_fname(DSA, DSAPublicKey, DSAPublicKey);
DSA *DSAparams_dup(const DSA *dsa) {
return ASN1_item_dup(ASN1_ITEM_rptr(DSAparams), (DSA*) dsa);
DSA_SIG *DSA_SIG_parse(CBS *cbs) {
DSA_SIG *ret = DSA_SIG_new();
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
CBS child;
if (!CBS_get_asn1(cbs, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->r) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->s) ||
CBS_len(&child) != 0) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR);
DSA_SIG_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
return ret;
}
int DSA_SIG_marshal(CBB *cbb, const DSA_SIG *sig) {
CBB child;
if (!CBB_add_asn1(cbb, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, sig->r) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, sig->s) ||
!CBB_flush(cbb)) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_ENCODE_ERROR);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
DSA *DSA_parse_public_key(CBS *cbs) {
DSA *ret = DSA_new();
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
CBS child;
if (!CBS_get_asn1(cbs, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->pub_key) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->p) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->q) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->g) ||
CBS_len(&child) != 0) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR);
DSA_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
return ret;
}
int DSA_marshal_public_key(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa) {
CBB child;
if (!CBB_add_asn1(cbb, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->pub_key) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->p) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->q) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->g) ||
!CBB_flush(cbb)) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_ENCODE_ERROR);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
DSA *DSA_parse_parameters(CBS *cbs) {
DSA *ret = DSA_new();
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
CBS child;
if (!CBS_get_asn1(cbs, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->p) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->q) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->g) ||
CBS_len(&child) != 0) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR);
DSA_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
return ret;
}
int DSA_marshal_parameters(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa) {
CBB child;
if (!CBB_add_asn1(cbb, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->p) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->q) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->g) ||
!CBB_flush(cbb)) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_ENCODE_ERROR);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
DSA *DSA_parse_private_key(CBS *cbs) {
DSA *ret = DSA_new();
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
CBS child;
uint64_t version;
if (!CBS_get_asn1(cbs, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!CBS_get_asn1_uint64(&child, &version)) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR);
goto err;
}
if (version != 0) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_BAD_VERSION);
goto err;
}
if (!parse_integer(&child, &ret->p) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->q) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->g) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->pub_key) ||
!parse_integer(&child, &ret->priv_key) ||
CBS_len(&child) != 0) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR);
goto err;
}
return ret;
err:
DSA_free(ret);
return NULL;
}
int DSA_marshal_private_key(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa) {
CBB child;
if (!CBB_add_asn1(cbb, &child, CBS_ASN1_SEQUENCE) ||
!CBB_add_asn1_uint64(&child, 0 /* version */) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->p) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->q) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->g) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->pub_key) ||
!marshal_integer(&child, dsa->priv_key) ||
!CBB_flush(cbb)) {
OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(DSA, DSA_R_ENCODE_ERROR);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
DSA_SIG *d2i_DSA_SIG(DSA_SIG **out_sig, const uint8_t **inp, long len) {
if (len < 0) {
return NULL;
}
CBS cbs;
CBS_init(&cbs, *inp, (size_t)len);
DSA_SIG *ret = DSA_SIG_parse(&cbs);
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (out_sig != NULL) {
DSA_SIG_free(*out_sig);
*out_sig = ret;
}
*inp = CBS_data(&cbs);
return ret;
}
int i2d_DSA_SIG(const DSA_SIG *in, uint8_t **outp) {
CBB cbb;
if (!CBB_init(&cbb, 0) ||
!DSA_SIG_marshal(&cbb, in)) {
return -1;
}
return CBB_finish_i2d(&cbb, outp);
}
DSA *d2i_DSAPublicKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len) {
if (len < 0) {
return NULL;
}
CBS cbs;
CBS_init(&cbs, *inp, (size_t)len);
DSA *ret = DSA_parse_public_key(&cbs);
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (out != NULL) {
DSA_free(*out);
*out = ret;
}
*inp = CBS_data(&cbs);
return ret;
}
int i2d_DSAPublicKey(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp) {
CBB cbb;
if (!CBB_init(&cbb, 0) ||
!DSA_marshal_public_key(&cbb, in)) {
return -1;
}
return CBB_finish_i2d(&cbb, outp);
}
DSA *d2i_DSAPrivateKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len) {
if (len < 0) {
return NULL;
}
CBS cbs;
CBS_init(&cbs, *inp, (size_t)len);
DSA *ret = DSA_parse_private_key(&cbs);
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (out != NULL) {
DSA_free(*out);
*out = ret;
}
*inp = CBS_data(&cbs);
return ret;
}
int i2d_DSAPrivateKey(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp) {
CBB cbb;
if (!CBB_init(&cbb, 0) ||
!DSA_marshal_private_key(&cbb, in)) {
return -1;
}
return CBB_finish_i2d(&cbb, outp);
}
DSA *d2i_DSAparams(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len) {
if (len < 0) {
return NULL;
}
CBS cbs;
CBS_init(&cbs, *inp, (size_t)len);
DSA *ret = DSA_parse_parameters(&cbs);
if (ret == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
if (out != NULL) {
DSA_free(*out);
*out = ret;
}
*inp = CBS_data(&cbs);
return ret;
}
int i2d_DSAparams(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp) {
CBB cbb;
if (!CBB_init(&cbb, 0) ||
!DSA_marshal_parameters(&cbb, in)) {
return -1;
}
return CBB_finish_i2d(&cbb, outp);
}

View File

@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
DSA,100,BAD_Q_VALUE
DSA,104,BAD_VERSION
DSA,105,DECODE_ERROR
DSA,106,ENCODE_ERROR
DSA,101,MISSING_PARAMETERS
DSA,102,MODULUS_TOO_LARGE
DSA,103,NEED_NEW_SETUP_VALUES

View File

@ -218,66 +218,41 @@ OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_size(const DSA *dsa);
/* ASN.1 encoding. */
/* d2i_DSA_SIG parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA signature from |len| bytes at
* |*inp|. If |out_sig| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result is
* in |*out_sig|. If |*out_sig| is already non-NULL on entry then the result is
* written directly into |*out_sig|, otherwise a fresh |DSA_SIG| is allocated.
* However, one should not depend on writing into |*out_sig| because this
* behaviour is likely to change in the future. On successful exit, |*inp| is
* advanced past the DER structure. It returns the result or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA_SIG *d2i_DSA_SIG(DSA_SIG **out_sig, const uint8_t **inp,
long len);
/* DSA_SIG_parse parses a DER-encoded DSA-Sig-Value structure from |cbs| and
* advances |cbs|. It returns a newly-allocated |DSA_SIG| or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA_SIG *DSA_SIG_parse(CBS *cbs);
/* i2d_DSA_SIG marshals |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure. If |outp| is not NULL
* then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is advanced just past the
* output. It returns the number of bytes in the result, whether written or not,
* or a negative value on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSA_SIG(const DSA_SIG *in, uint8_t **outp);
/* DSA_SIG_marshal marshals |sig| as a DER-encoded DSA-Sig-Value and appends the
* result to |cbb|. It returns one on success and zero on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_SIG_marshal(CBB *cbb, const DSA_SIG *sig);
/* d2i_DSAPublicKey parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA public key from |len|
* bytes at |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result
* is in |*out|. If |*out| is already non-NULL on entry then the result is
* written directly into |*out|, otherwise a fresh |DSA| is allocated.
* However, one should not depend on writing into |*out| because this behaviour
* is likely to change in the future. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced
* past the DER structure. It returns the result or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAPublicKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* DSA_parse_public_key parses a DER-encoded DSA public key from |cbs| and
* advances |cbs|. It returns a newly-allocated |DSA| or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *DSA_parse_public_key(CBS *cbs);
/* i2d_DSAPublicKey marshals a public key from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAPublicKey(const DSA *in, unsigned char **outp);
/* DSA_marshal_public_key marshals |dsa| as a DER-encoded DSA public key and
* appends the result to |cbb|. It returns one on success and zero on
* failure. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_marshal_public_key(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa);
/* d2i_DSAPrivateKey parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA private key from |len|
* bytes at |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result
* is in |*out|. If |*out| is already non-NULL on entry then the result is
* written directly into |*out|, otherwise a fresh |DSA| is allocated. However,
* one should not depend on writing into |*out| because this behaviour is
* likely to change in the future. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past
* the DER structure. It returns the result or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAPrivateKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* DSA_parse_private_key parses a DER-encoded DSA private key from |cbs| and
* advances |cbs|. It returns a newly-allocated |DSA| or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *DSA_parse_private_key(CBS *cbs);
/* i2d_DSAPrivateKey marshals a private key from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAPrivateKey(const DSA *in, unsigned char **outp);
/* DSA_marshal_private_key marshals |dsa| as a DER-encoded DSA private key and
* appends the result to |cbb|. It returns one on success and zero on
* failure. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_marshal_private_key(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa);
/* d2i_DSAparams parses ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA parameters from |len| bytes at
* |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result is in
* |*out|. If |*out| is already non-NULL on entry then the result is written
* directly into |*out|, otherwise a fresh |DSA| is allocated. However, one
* should not depend on writing into |*out| because this behaviour is likely to
* change in the future. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past the DER
* structure. It returns the result or NULL on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAparams(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* DSA_parse_parameters parses a DER-encoded Dss-Parms structure (RFC 3279)
* from |cbs| and advances |cbs|. It returns a newly-allocated |DSA| or NULL on
* error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *DSA_parse_parameters(CBS *cbs);
/* i2d_DSAparams marshals DSA parameters from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAparams(const DSA *in, unsigned char **outp);
/* DSA_marshal_parameters marshals |dsa| as a DER-encoded Dss-Parms structure
* (RFC 3447) and appends the result to |cbb|. It returns one on success and
* zero on failure. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_marshal_parameters(CBB *cbb, const DSA *dsa);
/* Precomputation. */
@ -313,6 +288,82 @@ OPENSSL_EXPORT int DSA_set_ex_data(DSA *d, int idx, void *arg);
OPENSSL_EXPORT void *DSA_get_ex_data(const DSA *d, int idx);
/* Deprecated functions. */
/* d2i_DSA_SIG parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA signature from |len| bytes at
* |*inp|. If |out_sig| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result is
* in |*out_sig|. Note that, even if |*out_sig| is already non-NULL on entry, it
* will not be written to. Rather, a fresh |DSA_SIG| is allocated and the
* previous one is freed. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past the DER
* structure. It returns the result or NULL on error.
*
* Use |DSA_SIG_parse| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA_SIG *d2i_DSA_SIG(DSA_SIG **out_sig, const uint8_t **inp,
long len);
/* i2d_DSA_SIG marshals |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure. If |outp| is not NULL
* then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is advanced just past the
* output. It returns the number of bytes in the result, whether written or not,
* or a negative value on error.
*
* Use |DSA_SIG_marshal| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSA_SIG(const DSA_SIG *in, uint8_t **outp);
/* d2i_DSAPublicKey parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA public key from |len|
* bytes at |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result
* is in |*out|. Note that, even if |*ou| is already non-NULL on entry, it will
* not be written to. Rather, a fresh |DSA| is allocated and the previous one is
* freed. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past the DER structure. It
* returns the result or NULL on error.
*
* Use |DSA_parse_public_key| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAPublicKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* i2d_DSAPublicKey marshals a public key from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error.
*
* Use |DSA_marshal_public_key| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAPublicKey(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp);
/* d2i_DSAPrivateKey parses an ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA private key from |len|
* bytes at |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result
* is in |*out|. Note that, even if |*out| is already non-NULL on entry, it will
* not be written to. Rather, a fresh |DSA| is allocated and the previous one is
* freed. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past the DER structure. It
* returns the result or NULL on error.
*
* Use |DSA_parse_private_key| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAPrivateKey(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* i2d_DSAPrivateKey marshals a private key from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error.
*
* Use |DSA_marshal_private_key| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAPrivateKey(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp);
/* d2i_DSAparams parses ASN.1, DER-encoded, DSA parameters from |len| bytes at
* |*inp|. If |out| is not NULL then, on exit, a pointer to the result is in
* |*out|. Note that, even if |*out| is already non-NULL on entry, it will not
* be written to. Rather, a fresh |DSA| is allocated and the previous one is
* freed. On successful exit, |*inp| is advanced past the DER structure. It
* returns the result or NULL on error.
*
* Use |DSA_parse_parameters| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT DSA *d2i_DSAparams(DSA **out, const uint8_t **inp, long len);
/* i2d_DSAparams marshals DSA parameters from |in| to an ASN.1, DER structure.
* If |outp| is not NULL then the result is written to |*outp| and |*outp| is
* advanced just past the output. It returns the number of bytes in the result,
* whether written or not, or a negative value on error.
*
* Use |DSA_marshal_parameters| instead. */
OPENSSL_EXPORT int i2d_DSAparams(const DSA *in, uint8_t **outp);
struct dsa_st {
long version;
BIGNUM *p;
@ -342,5 +393,8 @@ struct dsa_st {
#define DSA_R_MISSING_PARAMETERS 101
#define DSA_R_MODULUS_TOO_LARGE 102
#define DSA_R_NEED_NEW_SETUP_VALUES 103
#define DSA_R_BAD_VERSION 104
#define DSA_R_DECODE_ERROR 105
#define DSA_R_ENCODE_ERROR 106
#endif /* OPENSSL_HEADER_DSA_H */