MSVC doesn't like |const size_t len| in a function definition where the
declaration was just |size_t len| without the |const|. Also, MSVC needs
declarations of parameterless functions to have a |void| parameter list.

Change-Id: I91e01a12aca657b2ee1d653926f09cc52da2faed
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/4329
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>

OpenSSH, especially, does some terrible things that mean that it needs
the EVP_CIPHER structure to be exposed ☹. Damian is open to a better API
to replace this, but only if OpenSSL agree too. Either way, it won't be
happening soon.

Change-Id: I393b7a6af6694d4d2fe9ebcccd40286eff4029bd
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/4330
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>

Pure /dev/urandom, no buffering (previous behaviour):
Did 2320000 RNG (16 bytes) operations in 3000082us (773312.2 ops/sec): 12.4 MB/s
Did 209000 RNG (256 bytes) operations in 3011984us (69389.5 ops/sec): 17.8 MB/s
Did 6851 RNG (8192 bytes) operations in 3052027us (2244.7 ops/sec): 18.4 MB/s

Pure rdrand speed:
Did 34930500 RNG (16 bytes) operations in 3000021us (11643418.5 ops/sec): 186.3 MB/s
Did 2444000 RNG (256 bytes) operations in 3000164us (814622.1 ops/sec): 208.5 MB/s
Did 80000 RNG (8192 bytes) operations in 3020968us (26481.6 ops/sec): 216.9 MB/s

rdrand + ChaCha (as in this change):
Did 19498000 RNG (16 bytes) operations in 3000086us (6499147.0 ops/sec): 104.0 MB/s
Did 1964000 RNG (256 bytes) operations in 3000566us (654543.2 ops/sec): 167.6 MB/s
Did 62000 RNG (8192 bytes) operations in 3034090us (20434.5 ops/sec): 167.4 MB/s

Change-Id: Ie17045650cfe75858e4498ac28dbc4dcf8338376
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/4328
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>

Initial fork from f2d678e6e8 (1.0.2 beta).

(This change contains substantial changes from the original and
effectively starts a new history.)