Found while diagnosing some crashes and hangs in the malloc tests. This (and
the follow-up) get us further but does not quite let the malloc tests pass
quietly, even without valgrind. DTLS silently ignores some malloc failures
(confusion with silently dropping bad packets) which then translate to hangs.

Change-Id: Ief06a671e0973d09d2883432b89a86259e346653
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/3482
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>

Everything before crypto/ec.

Change-Id: Icbfab8e4ffe5cc56bf465eb57d3fdad3959a085c
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/3401
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>

Initial fork from f2d678e6e8 (1.0.2 beta).

(This change contains substantial changes from the original and
effectively starts a new history.)