95c29f3cd1
Initial fork from f2d678e6e89b6508147086610e985d4e8416e867 (1.0.2 beta). (This change contains substantial changes from the original and effectively starts a new history.)
791 lines
31 KiB
C
791 lines
31 KiB
C
/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
|
|
* All rights reserved.
|
|
*
|
|
* This package is an SSL implementation written
|
|
* by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
|
|
* The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
|
|
*
|
|
* This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
|
|
* the following conditions are aheared to. The following conditions
|
|
* apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
|
|
* lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code. The SSL documentation
|
|
* included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
|
|
* except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
|
|
*
|
|
* Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
|
|
* the code are not to be removed.
|
|
* If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
|
|
* as the author of the parts of the library used.
|
|
* This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
|
|
* in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
|
|
*
|
|
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
* are met:
|
|
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
|
|
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
* must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
* "This product includes cryptographic software written by
|
|
* Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
|
|
* The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
|
|
* being used are not cryptographic related :-).
|
|
* 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from
|
|
* the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
|
|
* "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
|
|
*
|
|
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
* SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
*
|
|
* The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
|
|
* derivative of this code cannot be changed. i.e. this code cannot simply be
|
|
* copied and put under another distribution licence
|
|
* [including the GNU Public Licence.]
|
|
*/
|
|
/* ====================================================================
|
|
* Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The OpenSSL Project. All rights reserved.
|
|
*
|
|
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
* are met:
|
|
*
|
|
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
*
|
|
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
|
|
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
|
|
* distribution.
|
|
*
|
|
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
|
|
* software must display the following acknowledgment:
|
|
* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
|
|
* for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
|
|
*
|
|
* 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
|
|
* endorse or promote products derived from this software without
|
|
* prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
|
|
* openssl-core@openssl.org.
|
|
*
|
|
* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
|
|
* nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
|
|
* permission of the OpenSSL Project.
|
|
*
|
|
* 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
|
|
* acknowledgment:
|
|
* "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
|
|
* for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
|
|
*
|
|
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
|
|
* EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
|
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
|
|
* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
|
|
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
|
|
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
|
|
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
|
|
* STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
|
|
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
|
|
* OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
* ====================================================================
|
|
*
|
|
* This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
|
|
* (eay@cryptsoft.com). This product includes software written by Tim
|
|
* Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com). */
|
|
|
|
#include <openssl/bn.h>
|
|
|
|
#include <openssl/err.h>
|
|
#include <openssl/mem.h>
|
|
|
|
#include "internal.h"
|
|
|
|
/* number of Miller-Rabin iterations for an error rate of less than 2^-80
|
|
* for random 'b'-bit input, b >= 100 (taken from table 4.4 in the Handbook
|
|
* of Applied Cryptography [Menezes, van Oorschot, Vanstone; CRC Press 1996];
|
|
* original paper: Damgaard, Landrock, Pomerance: Average case error estimates
|
|
* for the strong probable prime test. -- Math. Comp. 61 (1993) 177-194) */
|
|
#define BN_prime_checks_for_size(b) ((b) >= 1300 ? 2 : \
|
|
(b) >= 850 ? 3 : \
|
|
(b) >= 650 ? 4 : \
|
|
(b) >= 550 ? 5 : \
|
|
(b) >= 450 ? 6 : \
|
|
(b) >= 400 ? 7 : \
|
|
(b) >= 350 ? 8 : \
|
|
(b) >= 300 ? 9 : \
|
|
(b) >= 250 ? 12 : \
|
|
(b) >= 200 ? 15 : \
|
|
(b) >= 150 ? 18 : \
|
|
/* b >= 100 */ 27)
|
|
|
|
/* The quick sieve algorithm approach to weeding out primes is Philip
|
|
* Zimmermann's, as implemented in PGP. I have had a read of his comments and
|
|
* implemented my own version. */
|
|
|
|
/* NUMPRIMES is the number of primes that fit into a uint16_t. */
|
|
#define NUMPRIMES 2048
|
|
|
|
/* primes is defined at the bottom of the file and contains all the primes that
|
|
* fit into a uint16_t. */
|
|
static const uint16_t primes[NUMPRIMES];
|
|
|
|
static int witness(BIGNUM *w, const BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *a1,
|
|
const BIGNUM *a1_odd, int k, BN_CTX *ctx, BN_MONT_CTX *mont);
|
|
static int probable_prime(BIGNUM *rnd, int bits);
|
|
static int probable_prime_dh(BIGNUM *rnd, int bits, const BIGNUM *add,
|
|
const BIGNUM *rem, BN_CTX *ctx);
|
|
static int probable_prime_dh_safe(BIGNUM *rnd, int bits, const BIGNUM *add,
|
|
const BIGNUM *rem, BN_CTX *ctx);
|
|
|
|
void BN_GENCB_set(BN_GENCB *callback,
|
|
int (*f)(int event, int n, struct bn_gencb_st *),
|
|
void *arg) {
|
|
callback->callback = f;
|
|
callback->arg = arg;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int BN_GENCB_call(BN_GENCB *callback, int event, int n) {
|
|
if (!callback) {
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return callback->callback(event, n, callback);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int BN_generate_prime_ex(BIGNUM *ret, int bits, int safe, const BIGNUM *add,
|
|
const BIGNUM *rem, BN_GENCB *cb) {
|
|
BIGNUM *t;
|
|
int found = 0;
|
|
int i, j, c1 = 0;
|
|
BN_CTX *ctx;
|
|
int checks = BN_prime_checks_for_size(bits);
|
|
|
|
ctx = BN_CTX_new();
|
|
if (ctx == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
BN_CTX_start(ctx);
|
|
t = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
if (!t) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
loop:
|
|
/* make a random number and set the top and bottom bits */
|
|
if (add == NULL) {
|
|
if (!probable_prime(ret, bits)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (safe) {
|
|
if (!probable_prime_dh_safe(ret, bits, add, rem, ctx)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (!probable_prime_dh(ret, bits, add, rem, ctx)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_GENCB_call(cb, BN_GENCB_GENERATED, c1++)) {
|
|
/* aborted */
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!safe) {
|
|
i = BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(ret, checks, ctx, 0, cb);
|
|
if (i == -1) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
} else if (i == 0) {
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
/* for "safe prime" generation, check that (p-1)/2 is prime. Since a prime
|
|
* is odd, We just need to divide by 2 */
|
|
if (!BN_rshift1(t, ret)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
for (i = 0; i < checks; i++) {
|
|
j = BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(ret, 1, ctx, 0, NULL);
|
|
if (j == -1) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
} else if (j == 0) {
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
j = BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(t, 1, ctx, 0, NULL);
|
|
if (j == -1) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
} else if (j == 0) {
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_GENCB_call(cb, i, c1 - 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
/* We have a safe prime test pass */
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* we have a prime :-) */
|
|
found = 1;
|
|
|
|
err:
|
|
if (ctx != NULL) {
|
|
BN_CTX_end(ctx);
|
|
BN_CTX_free(ctx);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return found;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int BN_primality_test(int *is_probably_prime, const BIGNUM *candidate,
|
|
int checks, BN_CTX *ctx, int do_trial_division,
|
|
BN_GENCB *cb) {
|
|
switch (BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(candidate, checks, ctx, do_trial_division, cb)) {
|
|
case 1:
|
|
*is_probably_prime = 1;
|
|
return 1;
|
|
case 0:
|
|
*is_probably_prime = 0;
|
|
return 1;
|
|
default:
|
|
*is_probably_prime = 0;
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int BN_is_prime_ex(const BIGNUM *candidate, int checks, BN_CTX *ctx, BN_GENCB *cb) {
|
|
return BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(candidate, checks, ctx, 0, cb);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int BN_is_prime_fasttest_ex(const BIGNUM *a, int checks, BN_CTX *ctx_passed,
|
|
int do_trial_division, BN_GENCB *cb) {
|
|
int i, j, ret = -1;
|
|
int k;
|
|
BN_CTX *ctx = NULL;
|
|
BIGNUM *A1, *A1_odd, *check; /* taken from ctx */
|
|
BN_MONT_CTX *mont = NULL;
|
|
const BIGNUM *A = NULL;
|
|
|
|
if (BN_cmp(a, BN_value_one()) <= 0) {
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (checks == BN_prime_checks) {
|
|
checks = BN_prime_checks_for_size(BN_num_bits(a));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* first look for small factors */
|
|
if (!BN_is_odd(a)) {
|
|
/* a is even => a is prime if and only if a == 2 */
|
|
return BN_is_word(a, 2);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (do_trial_division) {
|
|
for (i = 1; i < NUMPRIMES; i++) {
|
|
if (BN_mod_word(a, primes[i]) == 0) {
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_GENCB_call(cb, 1, -1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (ctx_passed != NULL) {
|
|
ctx = ctx_passed;
|
|
} else if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
BN_CTX_start(ctx);
|
|
|
|
/* A := abs(a) */
|
|
if (a->neg) {
|
|
BIGNUM *t;
|
|
if ((t = BN_CTX_get(ctx)) == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
BN_copy(t, a);
|
|
t->neg = 0;
|
|
A = t;
|
|
} else {
|
|
A = a;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
A1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
A1_odd = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
check = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
if (check == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* compute A1 := A - 1 */
|
|
if (!BN_copy(A1, A)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_sub_word(A1, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (BN_is_zero(A1)) {
|
|
ret = 0;
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* write A1 as A1_odd * 2^k */
|
|
k = 1;
|
|
while (!BN_is_bit_set(A1, k)) {
|
|
k++;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_rshift(A1_odd, A1, k)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Montgomery setup for computations mod A */
|
|
mont = BN_MONT_CTX_new();
|
|
if (mont == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_MONT_CTX_set(mont, A, ctx)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
for (i = 0; i < checks; i++) {
|
|
if (!BN_pseudo_rand_range(check, A1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_add_word(check, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
/* now 1 <= check < A */
|
|
|
|
j = witness(check, A, A1, A1_odd, k, ctx, mont);
|
|
if (j == -1) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (j) {
|
|
ret = 0;
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_GENCB_call(cb, 1, i)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
ret = 1;
|
|
|
|
err:
|
|
if (ctx != NULL) {
|
|
BN_CTX_end(ctx);
|
|
if (ctx_passed == NULL) {
|
|
BN_CTX_free(ctx);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if (mont != NULL) {
|
|
BN_MONT_CTX_free(mont);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int witness(BIGNUM *w, const BIGNUM *a, const BIGNUM *a1,
|
|
const BIGNUM *a1_odd, int k, BN_CTX *ctx,
|
|
BN_MONT_CTX *mont) {
|
|
if (!BN_mod_exp_mont(w, w, a1_odd, a, ctx, mont)) { /* w := w^a1_odd mod a */
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
if (BN_is_one(w)) {
|
|
return 0; /* probably prime */
|
|
}
|
|
if (BN_cmp(w, a1) == 0) {
|
|
return 0; /* w == -1 (mod a), 'a' is probably prime */
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
while (--k) {
|
|
if (!BN_mod_mul(w, w, w, a, ctx)) { /* w := w^2 mod a */
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (BN_is_one(w)) {
|
|
return 1; /* 'a' is composite, otherwise a previous 'w' would
|
|
* have been == -1 (mod 'a') */
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (BN_cmp(w, a1) == 0) {
|
|
return 0; /* w == -1 (mod a), 'a' is probably prime */
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* If we get here, 'w' is the (a-1)/2-th power of the original 'w',
|
|
* and it is neither -1 nor +1 -- so 'a' cannot be prime */
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int probable_prime(BIGNUM *rnd, int bits) {
|
|
int i;
|
|
uint16_t mods[NUMPRIMES];
|
|
BN_ULONG delta, maxdelta;
|
|
|
|
again:
|
|
if (!BN_rand(rnd, bits, 1, 1)) {
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* we now have a random number 'rand' to test. */
|
|
for (i = 1; i < NUMPRIMES; i++) {
|
|
mods[i] = (uint16_t)BN_mod_word(rnd, (BN_ULONG)primes[i]);
|
|
}
|
|
maxdelta = BN_MASK2 - primes[NUMPRIMES - 1];
|
|
delta = 0;
|
|
|
|
loop:
|
|
for (i = 1; i < NUMPRIMES; i++) {
|
|
/* check that rnd is not a prime and also
|
|
* that gcd(rnd-1,primes) == 1 (except for 2) */
|
|
if (((mods[i] + delta) % primes[i]) <= 1) {
|
|
delta += 2;
|
|
if (delta > maxdelta) {
|
|
goto again;
|
|
}
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_add_word(rnd, delta)) {
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int probable_prime_dh(BIGNUM *rnd, int bits, const BIGNUM *add,
|
|
const BIGNUM *rem, BN_CTX *ctx) {
|
|
int i, ret = 0;
|
|
BIGNUM *t1;
|
|
|
|
BN_CTX_start(ctx);
|
|
if ((t1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx)) == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_rand(rnd, bits, 0, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* we need ((rnd-rem) % add) == 0 */
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_mod(t1, rnd, add, ctx)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_sub(rnd, rnd, t1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (rem == NULL) {
|
|
if (!BN_add_word(rnd, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (!BN_add(rnd, rnd, rem)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
/* we now have a random number 'rand' to test. */
|
|
|
|
loop:
|
|
for (i = 1; i < NUMPRIMES; i++) {
|
|
/* check that rnd is a prime */
|
|
if (BN_mod_word(rnd, (BN_ULONG)primes[i]) <= 1) {
|
|
if (!BN_add(rnd, rnd, add)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ret = 1;
|
|
|
|
err:
|
|
BN_CTX_end(ctx);
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static int probable_prime_dh_safe(BIGNUM *p, int bits, const BIGNUM *padd,
|
|
const BIGNUM *rem, BN_CTX *ctx) {
|
|
int i, ret = 0;
|
|
BIGNUM *t1, *qadd, *q;
|
|
|
|
bits--;
|
|
BN_CTX_start(ctx);
|
|
t1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
q = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
qadd = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
|
|
if (qadd == NULL) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_rshift1(qadd, padd)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_rand(q, bits, 0, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* we need ((rnd-rem) % add) == 0 */
|
|
if (!BN_mod(t1, q, qadd, ctx)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (!BN_sub(q, q, t1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (rem == NULL) {
|
|
if (!BN_add_word(q, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (!BN_rshift1(t1, rem)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_add(q, q, t1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* we now have a random number 'rand' to test. */
|
|
if (!BN_lshift1(p, q)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_add_word(p, 1)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
loop:
|
|
for (i = 1; i < NUMPRIMES; i++) {
|
|
/* check that p and q are prime */
|
|
/* check that for p and q
|
|
* gcd(p-1,primes) == 1 (except for 2) */
|
|
if ((BN_mod_word(p, (BN_ULONG)primes[i]) == 0) ||
|
|
(BN_mod_word(q, (BN_ULONG)primes[i]) == 0)) {
|
|
if (!BN_add(p, p, padd)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
if (!BN_add(q, q, qadd)) {
|
|
goto err;
|
|
}
|
|
goto loop;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ret = 1;
|
|
|
|
err:
|
|
BN_CTX_end(ctx);
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static const uint16_t primes[NUMPRIMES] = {
|
|
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31,
|
|
37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79,
|
|
83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137,
|
|
139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193,
|
|
197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239, 241, 251, 257,
|
|
263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313, 317,
|
|
331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389,
|
|
397, 401, 409, 419, 421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457,
|
|
461, 463, 467, 479, 487, 491, 499, 503, 509, 521, 523,
|
|
541, 547, 557, 563, 569, 571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601,
|
|
607, 613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643, 647, 653, 659, 661,
|
|
673, 677, 683, 691, 701, 709, 719, 727, 733, 739, 743,
|
|
751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811, 821, 823,
|
|
827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887,
|
|
907, 911, 919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971, 977,
|
|
983, 991, 997, 1009, 1013, 1019, 1021, 1031, 1033, 1039, 1049,
|
|
1051, 1061, 1063, 1069, 1087, 1091, 1093, 1097, 1103, 1109, 1117,
|
|
1123, 1129, 1151, 1153, 1163, 1171, 1181, 1187, 1193, 1201, 1213,
|
|
1217, 1223, 1229, 1231, 1237, 1249, 1259, 1277, 1279, 1283, 1289,
|
|
1291, 1297, 1301, 1303, 1307, 1319, 1321, 1327, 1361, 1367, 1373,
|
|
1381, 1399, 1409, 1423, 1427, 1429, 1433, 1439, 1447, 1451, 1453,
|
|
1459, 1471, 1481, 1483, 1487, 1489, 1493, 1499, 1511, 1523, 1531,
|
|
1543, 1549, 1553, 1559, 1567, 1571, 1579, 1583, 1597, 1601, 1607,
|
|
1609, 1613, 1619, 1621, 1627, 1637, 1657, 1663, 1667, 1669, 1693,
|
|
1697, 1699, 1709, 1721, 1723, 1733, 1741, 1747, 1753, 1759, 1777,
|
|
1783, 1787, 1789, 1801, 1811, 1823, 1831, 1847, 1861, 1867, 1871,
|
|
1873, 1877, 1879, 1889, 1901, 1907, 1913, 1931, 1933, 1949, 1951,
|
|
1973, 1979, 1987, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2011, 2017, 2027, 2029,
|
|
2039, 2053, 2063, 2069, 2081, 2083, 2087, 2089, 2099, 2111, 2113,
|
|
2129, 2131, 2137, 2141, 2143, 2153, 2161, 2179, 2203, 2207, 2213,
|
|
2221, 2237, 2239, 2243, 2251, 2267, 2269, 2273, 2281, 2287, 2293,
|
|
2297, 2309, 2311, 2333, 2339, 2341, 2347, 2351, 2357, 2371, 2377,
|
|
2381, 2383, 2389, 2393, 2399, 2411, 2417, 2423, 2437, 2441, 2447,
|
|
2459, 2467, 2473, 2477, 2503, 2521, 2531, 2539, 2543, 2549, 2551,
|
|
2557, 2579, 2591, 2593, 2609, 2617, 2621, 2633, 2647, 2657, 2659,
|
|
2663, 2671, 2677, 2683, 2687, 2689, 2693, 2699, 2707, 2711, 2713,
|
|
2719, 2729, 2731, 2741, 2749, 2753, 2767, 2777, 2789, 2791, 2797,
|
|
2801, 2803, 2819, 2833, 2837, 2843, 2851, 2857, 2861, 2879, 2887,
|
|
2897, 2903, 2909, 2917, 2927, 2939, 2953, 2957, 2963, 2969, 2971,
|
|
2999, 3001, 3011, 3019, 3023, 3037, 3041, 3049, 3061, 3067, 3079,
|
|
3083, 3089, 3109, 3119, 3121, 3137, 3163, 3167, 3169, 3181, 3187,
|
|
3191, 3203, 3209, 3217, 3221, 3229, 3251, 3253, 3257, 3259, 3271,
|
|
3299, 3301, 3307, 3313, 3319, 3323, 3329, 3331, 3343, 3347, 3359,
|
|
3361, 3371, 3373, 3389, 3391, 3407, 3413, 3433, 3449, 3457, 3461,
|
|
3463, 3467, 3469, 3491, 3499, 3511, 3517, 3527, 3529, 3533, 3539,
|
|
3541, 3547, 3557, 3559, 3571, 3581, 3583, 3593, 3607, 3613, 3617,
|
|
3623, 3631, 3637, 3643, 3659, 3671, 3673, 3677, 3691, 3697, 3701,
|
|
3709, 3719, 3727, 3733, 3739, 3761, 3767, 3769, 3779, 3793, 3797,
|
|
3803, 3821, 3823, 3833, 3847, 3851, 3853, 3863, 3877, 3881, 3889,
|
|
3907, 3911, 3917, 3919, 3923, 3929, 3931, 3943, 3947, 3967, 3989,
|
|
4001, 4003, 4007, 4013, 4019, 4021, 4027, 4049, 4051, 4057, 4073,
|
|
4079, 4091, 4093, 4099, 4111, 4127, 4129, 4133, 4139, 4153, 4157,
|
|
4159, 4177, 4201, 4211, 4217, 4219, 4229, 4231, 4241, 4243, 4253,
|
|
4259, 4261, 4271, 4273, 4283, 4289, 4297, 4327, 4337, 4339, 4349,
|
|
4357, 4363, 4373, 4391, 4397, 4409, 4421, 4423, 4441, 4447, 4451,
|
|
4457, 4463, 4481, 4483, 4493, 4507, 4513, 4517, 4519, 4523, 4547,
|
|
4549, 4561, 4567, 4583, 4591, 4597, 4603, 4621, 4637, 4639, 4643,
|
|
4649, 4651, 4657, 4663, 4673, 4679, 4691, 4703, 4721, 4723, 4729,
|
|
4733, 4751, 4759, 4783, 4787, 4789, 4793, 4799, 4801, 4813, 4817,
|
|
4831, 4861, 4871, 4877, 4889, 4903, 4909, 4919, 4931, 4933, 4937,
|
|
4943, 4951, 4957, 4967, 4969, 4973, 4987, 4993, 4999, 5003, 5009,
|
|
5011, 5021, 5023, 5039, 5051, 5059, 5077, 5081, 5087, 5099, 5101,
|
|
5107, 5113, 5119, 5147, 5153, 5167, 5171, 5179, 5189, 5197, 5209,
|
|
5227, 5231, 5233, 5237, 5261, 5273, 5279, 5281, 5297, 5303, 5309,
|
|
5323, 5333, 5347, 5351, 5381, 5387, 5393, 5399, 5407, 5413, 5417,
|
|
5419, 5431, 5437, 5441, 5443, 5449, 5471, 5477, 5479, 5483, 5501,
|
|
5503, 5507, 5519, 5521, 5527, 5531, 5557, 5563, 5569, 5573, 5581,
|
|
5591, 5623, 5639, 5641, 5647, 5651, 5653, 5657, 5659, 5669, 5683,
|
|
5689, 5693, 5701, 5711, 5717, 5737, 5741, 5743, 5749, 5779, 5783,
|
|
5791, 5801, 5807, 5813, 5821, 5827, 5839, 5843, 5849, 5851, 5857,
|
|
5861, 5867, 5869, 5879, 5881, 5897, 5903, 5923, 5927, 5939, 5953,
|
|
5981, 5987, 6007, 6011, 6029, 6037, 6043, 6047, 6053, 6067, 6073,
|
|
6079, 6089, 6091, 6101, 6113, 6121, 6131, 6133, 6143, 6151, 6163,
|
|
6173, 6197, 6199, 6203, 6211, 6217, 6221, 6229, 6247, 6257, 6263,
|
|
6269, 6271, 6277, 6287, 6299, 6301, 6311, 6317, 6323, 6329, 6337,
|
|
6343, 6353, 6359, 6361, 6367, 6373, 6379, 6389, 6397, 6421, 6427,
|
|
6449, 6451, 6469, 6473, 6481, 6491, 6521, 6529, 6547, 6551, 6553,
|
|
6563, 6569, 6571, 6577, 6581, 6599, 6607, 6619, 6637, 6653, 6659,
|
|
6661, 6673, 6679, 6689, 6691, 6701, 6703, 6709, 6719, 6733, 6737,
|
|
6761, 6763, 6779, 6781, 6791, 6793, 6803, 6823, 6827, 6829, 6833,
|
|
6841, 6857, 6863, 6869, 6871, 6883, 6899, 6907, 6911, 6917, 6947,
|
|
6949, 6959, 6961, 6967, 6971, 6977, 6983, 6991, 6997, 7001, 7013,
|
|
7019, 7027, 7039, 7043, 7057, 7069, 7079, 7103, 7109, 7121, 7127,
|
|
7129, 7151, 7159, 7177, 7187, 7193, 7207, 7211, 7213, 7219, 7229,
|
|
7237, 7243, 7247, 7253, 7283, 7297, 7307, 7309, 7321, 7331, 7333,
|
|
7349, 7351, 7369, 7393, 7411, 7417, 7433, 7451, 7457, 7459, 7477,
|
|
7481, 7487, 7489, 7499, 7507, 7517, 7523, 7529, 7537, 7541, 7547,
|
|
7549, 7559, 7561, 7573, 7577, 7583, 7589, 7591, 7603, 7607, 7621,
|
|
7639, 7643, 7649, 7669, 7673, 7681, 7687, 7691, 7699, 7703, 7717,
|
|
7723, 7727, 7741, 7753, 7757, 7759, 7789, 7793, 7817, 7823, 7829,
|
|
7841, 7853, 7867, 7873, 7877, 7879, 7883, 7901, 7907, 7919, 7927,
|
|
7933, 7937, 7949, 7951, 7963, 7993, 8009, 8011, 8017, 8039, 8053,
|
|
8059, 8069, 8081, 8087, 8089, 8093, 8101, 8111, 8117, 8123, 8147,
|
|
8161, 8167, 8171, 8179, 8191, 8209, 8219, 8221, 8231, 8233, 8237,
|
|
8243, 8263, 8269, 8273, 8287, 8291, 8293, 8297, 8311, 8317, 8329,
|
|
8353, 8363, 8369, 8377, 8387, 8389, 8419, 8423, 8429, 8431, 8443,
|
|
8447, 8461, 8467, 8501, 8513, 8521, 8527, 8537, 8539, 8543, 8563,
|
|
8573, 8581, 8597, 8599, 8609, 8623, 8627, 8629, 8641, 8647, 8663,
|
|
8669, 8677, 8681, 8689, 8693, 8699, 8707, 8713, 8719, 8731, 8737,
|
|
8741, 8747, 8753, 8761, 8779, 8783, 8803, 8807, 8819, 8821, 8831,
|
|
8837, 8839, 8849, 8861, 8863, 8867, 8887, 8893, 8923, 8929, 8933,
|
|
8941, 8951, 8963, 8969, 8971, 8999, 9001, 9007, 9011, 9013, 9029,
|
|
9041, 9043, 9049, 9059, 9067, 9091, 9103, 9109, 9127, 9133, 9137,
|
|
9151, 9157, 9161, 9173, 9181, 9187, 9199, 9203, 9209, 9221, 9227,
|
|
9239, 9241, 9257, 9277, 9281, 9283, 9293, 9311, 9319, 9323, 9337,
|
|
9341, 9343, 9349, 9371, 9377, 9391, 9397, 9403, 9413, 9419, 9421,
|
|
9431, 9433, 9437, 9439, 9461, 9463, 9467, 9473, 9479, 9491, 9497,
|
|
9511, 9521, 9533, 9539, 9547, 9551, 9587, 9601, 9613, 9619, 9623,
|
|
9629, 9631, 9643, 9649, 9661, 9677, 9679, 9689, 9697, 9719, 9721,
|
|
9733, 9739, 9743, 9749, 9767, 9769, 9781, 9787, 9791, 9803, 9811,
|
|
9817, 9829, 9833, 9839, 9851, 9857, 9859, 9871, 9883, 9887, 9901,
|
|
9907, 9923, 9929, 9931, 9941, 9949, 9967, 9973, 10007, 10009, 10037,
|
|
10039, 10061, 10067, 10069, 10079, 10091, 10093, 10099, 10103, 10111, 10133,
|
|
10139, 10141, 10151, 10159, 10163, 10169, 10177, 10181, 10193, 10211, 10223,
|
|
10243, 10247, 10253, 10259, 10267, 10271, 10273, 10289, 10301, 10303, 10313,
|
|
10321, 10331, 10333, 10337, 10343, 10357, 10369, 10391, 10399, 10427, 10429,
|
|
10433, 10453, 10457, 10459, 10463, 10477, 10487, 10499, 10501, 10513, 10529,
|
|
10531, 10559, 10567, 10589, 10597, 10601, 10607, 10613, 10627, 10631, 10639,
|
|
10651, 10657, 10663, 10667, 10687, 10691, 10709, 10711, 10723, 10729, 10733,
|
|
10739, 10753, 10771, 10781, 10789, 10799, 10831, 10837, 10847, 10853, 10859,
|
|
10861, 10867, 10883, 10889, 10891, 10903, 10909, 10937, 10939, 10949, 10957,
|
|
10973, 10979, 10987, 10993, 11003, 11027, 11047, 11057, 11059, 11069, 11071,
|
|
11083, 11087, 11093, 11113, 11117, 11119, 11131, 11149, 11159, 11161, 11171,
|
|
11173, 11177, 11197, 11213, 11239, 11243, 11251, 11257, 11261, 11273, 11279,
|
|
11287, 11299, 11311, 11317, 11321, 11329, 11351, 11353, 11369, 11383, 11393,
|
|
11399, 11411, 11423, 11437, 11443, 11447, 11467, 11471, 11483, 11489, 11491,
|
|
11497, 11503, 11519, 11527, 11549, 11551, 11579, 11587, 11593, 11597, 11617,
|
|
11621, 11633, 11657, 11677, 11681, 11689, 11699, 11701, 11717, 11719, 11731,
|
|
11743, 11777, 11779, 11783, 11789, 11801, 11807, 11813, 11821, 11827, 11831,
|
|
11833, 11839, 11863, 11867, 11887, 11897, 11903, 11909, 11923, 11927, 11933,
|
|
11939, 11941, 11953, 11959, 11969, 11971, 11981, 11987, 12007, 12011, 12037,
|
|
12041, 12043, 12049, 12071, 12073, 12097, 12101, 12107, 12109, 12113, 12119,
|
|
12143, 12149, 12157, 12161, 12163, 12197, 12203, 12211, 12227, 12239, 12241,
|
|
12251, 12253, 12263, 12269, 12277, 12281, 12289, 12301, 12323, 12329, 12343,
|
|
12347, 12373, 12377, 12379, 12391, 12401, 12409, 12413, 12421, 12433, 12437,
|
|
12451, 12457, 12473, 12479, 12487, 12491, 12497, 12503, 12511, 12517, 12527,
|
|
12539, 12541, 12547, 12553, 12569, 12577, 12583, 12589, 12601, 12611, 12613,
|
|
12619, 12637, 12641, 12647, 12653, 12659, 12671, 12689, 12697, 12703, 12713,
|
|
12721, 12739, 12743, 12757, 12763, 12781, 12791, 12799, 12809, 12821, 12823,
|
|
12829, 12841, 12853, 12889, 12893, 12899, 12907, 12911, 12917, 12919, 12923,
|
|
12941, 12953, 12959, 12967, 12973, 12979, 12983, 13001, 13003, 13007, 13009,
|
|
13033, 13037, 13043, 13049, 13063, 13093, 13099, 13103, 13109, 13121, 13127,
|
|
13147, 13151, 13159, 13163, 13171, 13177, 13183, 13187, 13217, 13219, 13229,
|
|
13241, 13249, 13259, 13267, 13291, 13297, 13309, 13313, 13327, 13331, 13337,
|
|
13339, 13367, 13381, 13397, 13399, 13411, 13417, 13421, 13441, 13451, 13457,
|
|
13463, 13469, 13477, 13487, 13499, 13513, 13523, 13537, 13553, 13567, 13577,
|
|
13591, 13597, 13613, 13619, 13627, 13633, 13649, 13669, 13679, 13681, 13687,
|
|
13691, 13693, 13697, 13709, 13711, 13721, 13723, 13729, 13751, 13757, 13759,
|
|
13763, 13781, 13789, 13799, 13807, 13829, 13831, 13841, 13859, 13873, 13877,
|
|
13879, 13883, 13901, 13903, 13907, 13913, 13921, 13931, 13933, 13963, 13967,
|
|
13997, 13999, 14009, 14011, 14029, 14033, 14051, 14057, 14071, 14081, 14083,
|
|
14087, 14107, 14143, 14149, 14153, 14159, 14173, 14177, 14197, 14207, 14221,
|
|
14243, 14249, 14251, 14281, 14293, 14303, 14321, 14323, 14327, 14341, 14347,
|
|
14369, 14387, 14389, 14401, 14407, 14411, 14419, 14423, 14431, 14437, 14447,
|
|
14449, 14461, 14479, 14489, 14503, 14519, 14533, 14537, 14543, 14549, 14551,
|
|
14557, 14561, 14563, 14591, 14593, 14621, 14627, 14629, 14633, 14639, 14653,
|
|
14657, 14669, 14683, 14699, 14713, 14717, 14723, 14731, 14737, 14741, 14747,
|
|
14753, 14759, 14767, 14771, 14779, 14783, 14797, 14813, 14821, 14827, 14831,
|
|
14843, 14851, 14867, 14869, 14879, 14887, 14891, 14897, 14923, 14929, 14939,
|
|
14947, 14951, 14957, 14969, 14983, 15013, 15017, 15031, 15053, 15061, 15073,
|
|
15077, 15083, 15091, 15101, 15107, 15121, 15131, 15137, 15139, 15149, 15161,
|
|
15173, 15187, 15193, 15199, 15217, 15227, 15233, 15241, 15259, 15263, 15269,
|
|
15271, 15277, 15287, 15289, 15299, 15307, 15313, 15319, 15329, 15331, 15349,
|
|
15359, 15361, 15373, 15377, 15383, 15391, 15401, 15413, 15427, 15439, 15443,
|
|
15451, 15461, 15467, 15473, 15493, 15497, 15511, 15527, 15541, 15551, 15559,
|
|
15569, 15581, 15583, 15601, 15607, 15619, 15629, 15641, 15643, 15647, 15649,
|
|
15661, 15667, 15671, 15679, 15683, 15727, 15731, 15733, 15737, 15739, 15749,
|
|
15761, 15767, 15773, 15787, 15791, 15797, 15803, 15809, 15817, 15823, 15859,
|
|
15877, 15881, 15887, 15889, 15901, 15907, 15913, 15919, 15923, 15937, 15959,
|
|
15971, 15973, 15991, 16001, 16007, 16033, 16057, 16061, 16063, 16067, 16069,
|
|
16073, 16087, 16091, 16097, 16103, 16111, 16127, 16139, 16141, 16183, 16187,
|
|
16189, 16193, 16217, 16223, 16229, 16231, 16249, 16253, 16267, 16273, 16301,
|
|
16319, 16333, 16339, 16349, 16361, 16363, 16369, 16381, 16411, 16417, 16421,
|
|
16427, 16433, 16447, 16451, 16453, 16477, 16481, 16487, 16493, 16519, 16529,
|
|
16547, 16553, 16561, 16567, 16573, 16603, 16607, 16619, 16631, 16633, 16649,
|
|
16651, 16657, 16661, 16673, 16691, 16693, 16699, 16703, 16729, 16741, 16747,
|
|
16759, 16763, 16787, 16811, 16823, 16829, 16831, 16843, 16871, 16879, 16883,
|
|
16889, 16901, 16903, 16921, 16927, 16931, 16937, 16943, 16963, 16979, 16981,
|
|
16987, 16993, 17011, 17021, 17027, 17029, 17033, 17041, 17047, 17053, 17077,
|
|
17093, 17099, 17107, 17117, 17123, 17137, 17159, 17167, 17183, 17189, 17191,
|
|
17203, 17207, 17209, 17231, 17239, 17257, 17291, 17293, 17299, 17317, 17321,
|
|
17327, 17333, 17341, 17351, 17359, 17377, 17383, 17387, 17389, 17393, 17401,
|
|
17417, 17419, 17431, 17443, 17449, 17467, 17471, 17477, 17483, 17489, 17491,
|
|
17497, 17509, 17519, 17539, 17551, 17569, 17573, 17579, 17581, 17597, 17599,
|
|
17609, 17623, 17627, 17657, 17659, 17669, 17681, 17683, 17707, 17713, 17729,
|
|
17737, 17747, 17749, 17761, 17783, 17789, 17791, 17807, 17827, 17837, 17839,
|
|
17851, 17863, };
|