th5/key_agreement.go
Adam Langley 4fe9ec0490 crypto/tls: check curve equation in ECDHE.
This change causes a TLS client and server to verify that received
elliptic curve points are on the expected curve. This isn't actually
necessary in the Go TLS stack, but Watson Ladd has convinced me that
it's worthwhile because it's pretty cheap and it removes the
possibility that some change in the future (e.g. tls-unique) will
depend on it without the author checking that precondition.

LGTM=bradfitz
R=bradfitz
CC=golang-codereviews
https://golang.org/cl/115290046
2014-07-28 15:46:27 -07:00

414 lines
12 KiB
Go

// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package tls
import (
"crypto"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/elliptic"
"crypto/md5"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/sha1"
"crypto/sha256"
"crypto/x509"
"encoding/asn1"
"errors"
"io"
"math/big"
)
var errClientKeyExchange = errors.New("tls: invalid ClientKeyExchange message")
var errServerKeyExchange = errors.New("tls: invalid ServerKeyExchange message")
// rsaKeyAgreement implements the standard TLS key agreement where the client
// encrypts the pre-master secret to the server's public key.
type rsaKeyAgreement struct{}
func (ka rsaKeyAgreement) generateServerKeyExchange(config *Config, cert *Certificate, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, hello *serverHelloMsg) (*serverKeyExchangeMsg, error) {
return nil, nil
}
func (ka rsaKeyAgreement) processClientKeyExchange(config *Config, cert *Certificate, ckx *clientKeyExchangeMsg, version uint16) ([]byte, error) {
preMasterSecret := make([]byte, 48)
_, err := io.ReadFull(config.rand(), preMasterSecret[2:])
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if len(ckx.ciphertext) < 2 {
return nil, errClientKeyExchange
}
ciphertext := ckx.ciphertext
if version != VersionSSL30 {
ciphertextLen := int(ckx.ciphertext[0])<<8 | int(ckx.ciphertext[1])
if ciphertextLen != len(ckx.ciphertext)-2 {
return nil, errClientKeyExchange
}
ciphertext = ckx.ciphertext[2:]
}
err = rsa.DecryptPKCS1v15SessionKey(config.rand(), cert.PrivateKey.(*rsa.PrivateKey), ciphertext, preMasterSecret)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// We don't check the version number in the premaster secret. For one,
// by checking it, we would leak information about the validity of the
// encrypted pre-master secret. Secondly, it provides only a small
// benefit against a downgrade attack and some implementations send the
// wrong version anyway. See the discussion at the end of section
// 7.4.7.1 of RFC 4346.
return preMasterSecret, nil
}
func (ka rsaKeyAgreement) processServerKeyExchange(config *Config, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, serverHello *serverHelloMsg, cert *x509.Certificate, skx *serverKeyExchangeMsg) error {
return errors.New("tls: unexpected ServerKeyExchange")
}
func (ka rsaKeyAgreement) generateClientKeyExchange(config *Config, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, cert *x509.Certificate) ([]byte, *clientKeyExchangeMsg, error) {
preMasterSecret := make([]byte, 48)
preMasterSecret[0] = byte(clientHello.vers >> 8)
preMasterSecret[1] = byte(clientHello.vers)
_, err := io.ReadFull(config.rand(), preMasterSecret[2:])
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
encrypted, err := rsa.EncryptPKCS1v15(config.rand(), cert.PublicKey.(*rsa.PublicKey), preMasterSecret)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
ckx := new(clientKeyExchangeMsg)
ckx.ciphertext = make([]byte, len(encrypted)+2)
ckx.ciphertext[0] = byte(len(encrypted) >> 8)
ckx.ciphertext[1] = byte(len(encrypted))
copy(ckx.ciphertext[2:], encrypted)
return preMasterSecret, ckx, nil
}
// sha1Hash calculates a SHA1 hash over the given byte slices.
func sha1Hash(slices [][]byte) []byte {
hsha1 := sha1.New()
for _, slice := range slices {
hsha1.Write(slice)
}
return hsha1.Sum(nil)
}
// md5SHA1Hash implements TLS 1.0's hybrid hash function which consists of the
// concatenation of an MD5 and SHA1 hash.
func md5SHA1Hash(slices [][]byte) []byte {
md5sha1 := make([]byte, md5.Size+sha1.Size)
hmd5 := md5.New()
for _, slice := range slices {
hmd5.Write(slice)
}
copy(md5sha1, hmd5.Sum(nil))
copy(md5sha1[md5.Size:], sha1Hash(slices))
return md5sha1
}
// sha256Hash implements TLS 1.2's hash function.
func sha256Hash(slices [][]byte) []byte {
h := sha256.New()
for _, slice := range slices {
h.Write(slice)
}
return h.Sum(nil)
}
// hashForServerKeyExchange hashes the given slices and returns their digest
// and the identifier of the hash function used. The hashFunc argument is only
// used for >= TLS 1.2 and precisely identifies the hash function to use.
func hashForServerKeyExchange(sigType, hashFunc uint8, version uint16, slices ...[]byte) ([]byte, crypto.Hash, error) {
if version >= VersionTLS12 {
switch hashFunc {
case hashSHA256:
return sha256Hash(slices), crypto.SHA256, nil
case hashSHA1:
return sha1Hash(slices), crypto.SHA1, nil
default:
return nil, crypto.Hash(0), errors.New("tls: unknown hash function used by peer")
}
}
if sigType == signatureECDSA {
return sha1Hash(slices), crypto.SHA1, nil
}
return md5SHA1Hash(slices), crypto.MD5SHA1, nil
}
// pickTLS12HashForSignature returns a TLS 1.2 hash identifier for signing a
// ServerKeyExchange given the signature type being used and the client's
// advertised list of supported signature and hash combinations.
func pickTLS12HashForSignature(sigType uint8, clientSignatureAndHashes []signatureAndHash) (uint8, error) {
if len(clientSignatureAndHashes) == 0 {
// If the client didn't specify any signature_algorithms
// extension then we can assume that it supports SHA1. See
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.1.4.1
return hashSHA1, nil
}
for _, sigAndHash := range clientSignatureAndHashes {
if sigAndHash.signature != sigType {
continue
}
switch sigAndHash.hash {
case hashSHA1, hashSHA256:
return sigAndHash.hash, nil
}
}
return 0, errors.New("tls: client doesn't support any common hash functions")
}
func curveForCurveID(id CurveID) (elliptic.Curve, bool) {
switch id {
case CurveP256:
return elliptic.P256(), true
case CurveP384:
return elliptic.P384(), true
case CurveP521:
return elliptic.P521(), true
default:
return nil, false
}
}
// ecdheRSAKeyAgreement implements a TLS key agreement where the server
// generates a ephemeral EC public/private key pair and signs it. The
// pre-master secret is then calculated using ECDH. The signature may
// either be ECDSA or RSA.
type ecdheKeyAgreement struct {
version uint16
sigType uint8
privateKey []byte
curve elliptic.Curve
x, y *big.Int
}
func (ka *ecdheKeyAgreement) generateServerKeyExchange(config *Config, cert *Certificate, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, hello *serverHelloMsg) (*serverKeyExchangeMsg, error) {
var curveid CurveID
preferredCurves := config.curvePreferences()
NextCandidate:
for _, candidate := range preferredCurves {
for _, c := range clientHello.supportedCurves {
if candidate == c {
curveid = c
break NextCandidate
}
}
}
if curveid == 0 {
return nil, errors.New("tls: no supported elliptic curves offered")
}
var ok bool
if ka.curve, ok = curveForCurveID(curveid); !ok {
return nil, errors.New("tls: preferredCurves includes unsupported curve")
}
var x, y *big.Int
var err error
ka.privateKey, x, y, err = elliptic.GenerateKey(ka.curve, config.rand())
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
ecdhePublic := elliptic.Marshal(ka.curve, x, y)
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4492#section-5.4
serverECDHParams := make([]byte, 1+2+1+len(ecdhePublic))
serverECDHParams[0] = 3 // named curve
serverECDHParams[1] = byte(curveid >> 8)
serverECDHParams[2] = byte(curveid)
serverECDHParams[3] = byte(len(ecdhePublic))
copy(serverECDHParams[4:], ecdhePublic)
var tls12HashId uint8
if ka.version >= VersionTLS12 {
if tls12HashId, err = pickTLS12HashForSignature(ka.sigType, clientHello.signatureAndHashes); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
digest, hashFunc, err := hashForServerKeyExchange(ka.sigType, tls12HashId, ka.version, clientHello.random, hello.random, serverECDHParams)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var sig []byte
switch ka.sigType {
case signatureECDSA:
privKey, ok := cert.PrivateKey.(*ecdsa.PrivateKey)
if !ok {
return nil, errors.New("ECDHE ECDSA requires an ECDSA server private key")
}
r, s, err := ecdsa.Sign(config.rand(), privKey, digest)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.New("failed to sign ECDHE parameters: " + err.Error())
}
sig, err = asn1.Marshal(ecdsaSignature{r, s})
case signatureRSA:
privKey, ok := cert.PrivateKey.(*rsa.PrivateKey)
if !ok {
return nil, errors.New("ECDHE RSA requires a RSA server private key")
}
sig, err = rsa.SignPKCS1v15(config.rand(), privKey, hashFunc, digest)
if err != nil {
return nil, errors.New("failed to sign ECDHE parameters: " + err.Error())
}
default:
return nil, errors.New("unknown ECDHE signature algorithm")
}
skx := new(serverKeyExchangeMsg)
sigAndHashLen := 0
if ka.version >= VersionTLS12 {
sigAndHashLen = 2
}
skx.key = make([]byte, len(serverECDHParams)+sigAndHashLen+2+len(sig))
copy(skx.key, serverECDHParams)
k := skx.key[len(serverECDHParams):]
if ka.version >= VersionTLS12 {
k[0] = tls12HashId
k[1] = ka.sigType
k = k[2:]
}
k[0] = byte(len(sig) >> 8)
k[1] = byte(len(sig))
copy(k[2:], sig)
return skx, nil
}
func (ka *ecdheKeyAgreement) processClientKeyExchange(config *Config, cert *Certificate, ckx *clientKeyExchangeMsg, version uint16) ([]byte, error) {
if len(ckx.ciphertext) == 0 || int(ckx.ciphertext[0]) != len(ckx.ciphertext)-1 {
return nil, errClientKeyExchange
}
x, y := elliptic.Unmarshal(ka.curve, ckx.ciphertext[1:])
if x == nil {
return nil, errClientKeyExchange
}
if !ka.curve.IsOnCurve(x, y) {
return nil, errClientKeyExchange
}
x, _ = ka.curve.ScalarMult(x, y, ka.privateKey)
preMasterSecret := make([]byte, (ka.curve.Params().BitSize+7)>>3)
xBytes := x.Bytes()
copy(preMasterSecret[len(preMasterSecret)-len(xBytes):], xBytes)
return preMasterSecret, nil
}
func (ka *ecdheKeyAgreement) processServerKeyExchange(config *Config, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, serverHello *serverHelloMsg, cert *x509.Certificate, skx *serverKeyExchangeMsg) error {
if len(skx.key) < 4 {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
if skx.key[0] != 3 { // named curve
return errors.New("tls: server selected unsupported curve")
}
curveid := CurveID(skx.key[1])<<8 | CurveID(skx.key[2])
var ok bool
if ka.curve, ok = curveForCurveID(curveid); !ok {
return errors.New("tls: server selected unsupported curve")
}
publicLen := int(skx.key[3])
if publicLen+4 > len(skx.key) {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
ka.x, ka.y = elliptic.Unmarshal(ka.curve, skx.key[4:4+publicLen])
if ka.x == nil {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
if !ka.curve.IsOnCurve(ka.x, ka.y) {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
serverECDHParams := skx.key[:4+publicLen]
sig := skx.key[4+publicLen:]
if len(sig) < 2 {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
var tls12HashId uint8
if ka.version >= VersionTLS12 {
// handle SignatureAndHashAlgorithm
var sigAndHash []uint8
sigAndHash, sig = sig[:2], sig[2:]
if sigAndHash[1] != ka.sigType {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
tls12HashId = sigAndHash[0]
if len(sig) < 2 {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
}
sigLen := int(sig[0])<<8 | int(sig[1])
if sigLen+2 != len(sig) {
return errServerKeyExchange
}
sig = sig[2:]
digest, hashFunc, err := hashForServerKeyExchange(ka.sigType, tls12HashId, ka.version, clientHello.random, serverHello.random, serverECDHParams)
if err != nil {
return err
}
switch ka.sigType {
case signatureECDSA:
pubKey, ok := cert.PublicKey.(*ecdsa.PublicKey)
if !ok {
return errors.New("ECDHE ECDSA requires a ECDSA server public key")
}
ecdsaSig := new(ecdsaSignature)
if _, err := asn1.Unmarshal(sig, ecdsaSig); err != nil {
return err
}
if ecdsaSig.R.Sign() <= 0 || ecdsaSig.S.Sign() <= 0 {
return errors.New("ECDSA signature contained zero or negative values")
}
if !ecdsa.Verify(pubKey, digest, ecdsaSig.R, ecdsaSig.S) {
return errors.New("ECDSA verification failure")
}
case signatureRSA:
pubKey, ok := cert.PublicKey.(*rsa.PublicKey)
if !ok {
return errors.New("ECDHE RSA requires a RSA server public key")
}
if err := rsa.VerifyPKCS1v15(pubKey, hashFunc, digest, sig); err != nil {
return err
}
default:
return errors.New("unknown ECDHE signature algorithm")
}
return nil
}
func (ka *ecdheKeyAgreement) generateClientKeyExchange(config *Config, clientHello *clientHelloMsg, cert *x509.Certificate) ([]byte, *clientKeyExchangeMsg, error) {
if ka.curve == nil {
return nil, nil, errors.New("missing ServerKeyExchange message")
}
priv, mx, my, err := elliptic.GenerateKey(ka.curve, config.rand())
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
x, _ := ka.curve.ScalarMult(ka.x, ka.y, priv)
preMasterSecret := make([]byte, (ka.curve.Params().BitSize+7)>>3)
xBytes := x.Bytes()
copy(preMasterSecret[len(preMasterSecret)-len(xBytes):], xBytes)
serialized := elliptic.Marshal(ka.curve, mx, my)
ckx := new(clientKeyExchangeMsg)
ckx.ciphertext = make([]byte, 1+len(serialized))
ckx.ciphertext[0] = byte(len(serialized))
copy(ckx.ciphertext[1:], serialized)
return preMasterSecret, ckx, nil
}