We currently write a mix of "if (FOO)" and "if(FOO)". While the former looks
more like a usual language, CMake believes everything, even "if" and "else", is
just a really really funny function call (a "command").
We should pick something for consistency. Upstream CMake writes "if(FOO)", so
go with that one.
Change-Id: I67e0eb650a52670110b417312a362c9f161c8721
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/30807
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Upstream generalized most of the EVP_CTRL_GCM_* constants to be their general
AEAD API in 1.1.0. Define them for better compatibility with code that targets
OpenSSL 1.1.0.
Change-Id: Ieaed8379eebde3718e3048f6290c21cdeac01efd
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/30604
Commit-Queue: David Benjamin <davidben@google.com>
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This change syncs several assembly files from upstream. The only meanful
additions are more CFI directives.
Change-Id: I6aec50b6fddbea297b79bae22cfd68d5c115220f
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/30364
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Setting OPENSSL_NO_ASM skips enabling the “ASM” language in CMake.
However, the FIPS module fundamentally needs to build asm because
delocate works via textual assembly. Thus this combination is currently
broken with CMake.
This change ensures that support for building asm is enabled in CMake
for this combination.
Change-Id: I4516cf3a6f579ee7c72f04ac25d15785926cf125
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29884
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This change adds a function so that an ECDH and the hashing of the
resulting 'x' coordinate can occur inside the FIPS boundary.
Change-Id: If93c20a70dc9dcbca49056f10915d3ce064f641f
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/30104
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Otherwise, if the output BIGNUM was previously negative, we'd incorrectly give
a negative result. Thanks to Guide Vranken for reporting this issue!
Fortunately, this does not appear to come up in any existing caller. This isn't
all that surprising as negative numbers never really come up in cryptography.
Were it not for OpenSSL historically designing a calculator API, we'd just
delete the bit altogether. :-(
Bug: chromium:865924
Change-Id: I28fdc986dfaba3e38435b14ebf07453d537cc60a
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29944
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Previously we used thread-local state objects in rand.c. However, for
applications with large numbers of threads, this can lead to excessive
memory usage.
This change causes us to maintain a mutex-protected pool of state
objects where the size of the pool equals the maximum concurrency of
|RAND_bytes|. This might lead to state objects bouncing between CPUs
more often, but should help the memory usage problem.
Change-Id: Ie83763d3bc139e64ac17bf7e015ad082b2f8a81a
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29565
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Previously, delocate.go couldn't handle GOT references and so |stderr|
was a problematic symbol. We can cope with them now, so write FIPS
power-on test and urandom errors to stderr rather than stdout.
Change-Id: If6d7c19ee5f22dcbd74fb01c231500c2e130e6f7
Update-note: resolves internal bug 110102292.
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29244
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This change adds an AES-GCM AEAD that enforces nonce uniqueness inside
the FIPS module, like we have for TLS 1.2. While TLS 1.3 has not yet
been mentioned in the FIPS 140 IG, we expect it to be in the next ~12
months and so are preparing for that.
Change-Id: I65a7d8196b08dc0033bdde5c844a73059da13d9e
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29224
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cryptography.io gets offended if the library supports some OFB sizes but
not others.
Change-Id: I7fc7b12e7820547a82aae84d9418457389a482fe
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29204
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Although the original value of tmp does not matter, the selects
ultimately do bit operations on the uninitialized values and thus depend
on them behaving like *some* consistent concrete value. The C spec
appears to allow uninitialized values to resolve to trap
representations, which means this isn't quite valid..
(If I'm reading it wrong and the compiler must behave as if there were a
consistent value in there, it's probably fine, but there's no sense in
risking compiler bugs on a subtle corner of things.)
Change-Id: Id4547b0ec702414b387e906c4de55595e6214ddb
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/29124
Commit-Queue: Steven Valdez <svaldez@google.com>
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When building files separately, omitting this causes some #defines to be
missing.
Change-Id: I235231467d3f51ee0a53325698356aefa72c6a67
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28944
Commit-Queue: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Commit-Queue: David Benjamin <davidben@google.com>
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In neither OpenSSL nor BoringSSL can this function actually fail, but
OpenSSL makes it return one anyway. Match them for compatibility.
Change-Id: I497437321ad9ccc5da738f06cd5b19c467167575
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28784
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|alloca| is dangerous and poorly specified, according to any
description of |alloca|. It's also hard for some analysis tools to
reason about.
The code here assumed |alloca| is a macro, which isn't a valid
assumption. Depending on what which headers are included and what
toolchain is being used, |alloca| may or may not be defined as a macro,
and this might change over time if/when toolchains are updated. Or, we
might be doing static analysis and/or dynamic analysis with a different
configuration w.r.t. the availability of |alloca| than production
builds use.
Regardless, the |alloca| code path only kicked in when the inputs are
840 bits or smaller. Since the multi-prime RSA support was removed, for
interesting RSA key sizes the input will be at least 1024 bits and this
code path won't be triggered since powerbufLen will be larger than 3072
bytes in those cases. ECC inversion via Fermat's Little Theorem has its
own constant-time exponentiation so there are no cases where smaller
inputs need to be fast.
The RSAZ code avoids the |OPENSSL_malloc| for 2048-bit RSA keys.
Increasingly the RSAZ code won't be used though, since it will be
skipped over on Broadwell+ CPUs. Generalize the RSAZ stack allocation
to work for non-RSAZ code paths. In order to ensure this doesn't cause
too much stack usage on platforms where RSAZ wasn't already being used,
only do so on x86-64, which already has this large stack size
requirement due to RSAZ.
This change will make it easier to refactor |BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime|
to do that more safely and in a way that's more compatible with various
analysis tools.
This is also a step towards eliminating the |uintptr_t|-based alignment
hack.
Since this change increases the number of times |OPENSSL_free| is
skipped, I've added an explicit |OPENSSL_cleanse| to ensure the
zeroization is done. This should be done regardless of the other changes
here.
Change-Id: I8a161ce2720a26127e85fff7513f394883e50b2e
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28584
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Thanks to Brian Smith for pointing this out.
Change-Id: I27ae58df0028bc6aa3a11741acb5453369e202cc
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28625
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cryptography.io wants things exposed out of EVP_get_cipherby* including,
sadly, ECB mode.
Change-Id: I9bac46f8ffad1a79d190cee3b0c0686bf540298e
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28464
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Rather than have plain-C functions, asm functions, and accelerated
functions, just have accelerated and non-accelerated, where the latter
are either provided by assembly or by C code.
Pertinently, this allows Aarch64 to use hardware accel for the basic
|AES_*| functions.
Change-Id: I0003c0c7a43d85a3eee8c8f37697f61a3070dd40
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28385
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cryptography.io wants RSA_R_BLOCK_TYPE_IS_NOT_02, only used by the
ancient RSA_padding_check_SSLv23 function. Define it but never emit it.
Additionally, it's rather finicky about RSA_R_TOO_LARGE* errors. We
merged them in BoringSSL because having RSA_R_TOO_LARGE,
RSA_R_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS, and RSA_R_TOO_LARGE_FOR_KEY_SIZE is a
little silly. But since we don't expect well-behaved code to condition
on error codes anyway, perhaps that wasn't worth it. Split them back
up.
Looking through OpenSSL, there is a vague semantic difference:
RSA_R_DIGEST_TOO_BIG_FOR_RSA_KEY - Specifically emitted if a digest is
too big for PKCS#1 signing with this key.
RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_KEY_SIZE - You asked me to sign or encrypt a
digest/plaintext, but it's too big for this key.
RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE_FOR_MODULUS - You gave me an RSA ciphertext or
signature and it is not fully reduced modulo N.
-OR-
The padding functions produced something that isn't reduced, but I
believe this is unreachable outside of RSA_NO_PADDING.
RSA_R_DATA_TOO_LARGE - Some low-level padding function was told to copy
a digest/plaintext into some buffer, but the buffer was too small. I
think this is basically unreachable.
-OR-
You asked me to verify a PSS signature, but I didn't need to bother
because the digest/salt parameters you picked were too big.
Update-Note: This depends on cl/196566462.
Change-Id: I2e539e075eff8bfcd52ccde365e975ebcee72567
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28547
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This was reverted a second time because it ended up always setting the
final argument to CRYPTO_gcm128_init to zero, which disabled some
acceleration of GCM on ≥Haswell. With this update, that argument will be
set to 1 if |aes_hw_*| functions are being used.
Probably this will need to be reverted too for some reason. I'm hoping
to fill the entire git short description with “Revert”.
Change-Id: Ib4a06f937d35d95affdc0b63f29f01c4a8c47d03
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28484
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Build (and carry) issues are now resolved (as far as we know). Let's try
this again...
Measurements on a Skylake VM (so a little noisy).
Before:
Did 3135 RSA 2048 signing operations in 3015866us (1039.5 ops/sec)
Did 89000 RSA 2048 verify (same key) operations in 3007271us (29594.9 ops/sec)
Did 66000 RSA 2048 verify (fresh key) operations in 3014363us (21895.2 ops/sec)
Did 324 RSA 4096 signing operations in 3004364us (107.8 ops/sec)
Did 23126 RSA 4096 verify (same key) operations in 3003398us (7699.9 ops/sec)
Did 21312 RSA 4096 verify (fresh key) operations in 3017043us (7063.9 ops/sec)
Did 31040 ECDH P-256 operations in 3024273us (10263.6 ops/sec)
Did 91000 ECDSA P-256 signing operations in 3019740us (30135.0 ops/sec)
Did 25678 ECDSA P-256 verify operations in 3046975us (8427.4 ops/sec)
After:
Did 3640 RSA 2048 signing operations in 3035845us (1199.0 ops/sec)
Did 129000 RSA 2048 verify (same key) operations in 3003691us (42947.2 ops/sec)
Did 105000 RSA 2048 verify (fresh key) operations in 3029935us (34654.2 ops/sec)
Did 510 RSA 4096 signing operations in 3014096us (169.2 ops/sec)
Did 38000 RSA 4096 verify (same key) operations in 3092814us (12286.5 ops/sec)
Did 34221 RSA 4096 verify (fresh key) operations in 3003817us (11392.5 ops/sec)
Did 38000 ECDH P-256 operations in 3061758us (12411.2 ops/sec)
Did 116000 ECDSA P-256 signing operations in 3001637us (38645.6 ops/sec)
Did 35100 ECDSA P-256 verify operations in 3023872us (11607.6 ops/sec)
Tested with Intel SDE.
Change-Id: Ib27c0d6012d14274e331ab03f958e5a0c8b7e885
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28104
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
Broke Aarch64 on the main builders (but not the trybots, somehow.)
Change-Id: I53eb09c99ef42a59628b0506b5ddb125299b554a
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28364
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This also happens to make the AES_[en|de]crypt functions use AES-NI
(where available) on Intel.
Update-Note: this substantially changes how AES-NI is triggered. Worth running bssl speed (on both k8 and ppc), before and after, to confirm that there are no regressions.
Change-Id: I5f22c1975236bbc1633c24ab60d683bca8ddd4c3
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28026
Reviewed-by: David Benjamin <davidben@google.com>
gRPC builds on Debian Jessie, which has GCC 4.9.2, and builds with
-Wtype-limits, which makes it warn about code intended for 64-bit
systems when building on 32-bit systems.
We have tried to avoid these issues with Clang previously by guarding
with “sizeof(size_t) > 4”, but this version of GCC isn't smart enough to
figure that out.
Change-Id: I800ceb3891436fa7c81474ede4b8656021568357
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This was all new code. There was a request to make this available under
ISC.
Change-Id: Ibabbe6fbf593c2a781aac47a4de7ac378604dbcf
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28267
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This happened to be working only because of lucky -I argument and At the
same time, include digest.h since this file references |EVP_sha1| and
other digest-related functions.
Change-Id: I0095ea8f5ef21f6e63b3dc819932b38178e09693
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bcm.c means e_aes.c can no longer be lazy about warning push/pop.
Change-Id: I558041bab3baa00e3adc628fe19486545d0f6be3
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28164
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Make it clear this is not a pristine full copy of all of Wycheproof as a
library.
Change-Id: I1aa5253a1d7c696e69b2e8d7897924f15303d9ac
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/28188
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The bug, courtesy of Wycheproof, is that AES key wrap requires the input
be at least two blocks, not one. This also matches the OpenSSL behavior
of those two APIs.
Update-Note: AES_wrap_key with in_len = 8 and AES_unwrap_key with
in_len = 16 will no longer work.
Change-Id: I5fc63ebc16920c2f9fd488afe8c544e0647d7507
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Change-Id: I0674f4e9b15b546237600fb2486c46aac7cb0716
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Montgomery multiplication post-conditions in some of code paths were
formally non-constant time. Cache access pattern was result-neutral,
but a little bit asymmetric, which might have produced a signal [if
processor reordered load and stores at run-time].
(Imported from upstream's 774ff8fed67e19d4f5f0df2f59050f2737abab2a.)
Change-Id: I77443fb79242b77e704c34d69f1de9e3162e9538
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27987
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
We've never defined this so this code has always been dead.
Change-Id: Ibcc4095bf812c7e1866c5f39968789606f0995ae
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Change-Id: Ib2ce220e31a4f808999934197a7f43b8723131e8
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This is slower, but constant-time. It intentionally omits the signed
digit optimization because we cannot be sure the doubling case will be
unreachable for all curves. This is a fallback generic implementation
for curves which we must support for compatibility but which are not
common or important enough to justify curve-specific work.
Before:
Did 814 ECDH P-384 operations in 1085384us (750.0 ops/sec)
Did 1430 ECDSA P-384 signing operations in 1081988us (1321.6 ops/sec)
Did 308 ECDH P-521 operations in 1057741us (291.2 ops/sec)
Did 539 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 1049797us (513.4 ops/sec)
After:
Did 715 ECDH P-384 operations in 1080161us (661.9 ops/sec)
Did 1188 ECDSA P-384 verify operations in 1069567us (1110.7 ops/sec)
Did 275 ECDH P-521 operations in 1060503us (259.3 ops/sec)
Did 506 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 1084739us (466.5 ops/sec)
But we're still faster than the old BIGNUM implementation. EC_FELEM
more than paid for both the loss of points_make_affine and this CL.
Bug: 239
Change-Id: I65d71a731aad16b523928ee47618822d503ea704
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w=4 appears to be the correct answer for P-224 through P-521. There's
nominally some optimizations in here for 70- and 20-bit primes, but
that's absurd.
Change-Id: Id4ccec779b17e375e9258c1784e46d7d3651c59a
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EC_POINT is split into the existing public EC_POINT (where the caller is
sanity-checked about group mismatches) and the low-level EC_RAW_POINT
(which, like EC_FELEM and EC_SCALAR, assume that is your problem and is
a plain old struct). Having both EC_POINT and EC_RAW_POINT is a little
silly, but we're going to want different type signatures for functions
which return void anyway (my plan is to lift a non-BIGNUM
get_affine_coordinates up through the ECDSA and ECDH code), so I think
it's fine.
This wasn't strictly necessary, but wnaf.c is a lot tidier now. Perf is
a wash; once we get up to this layer, it's only 8 entries in the table
so not particularly interesting.
Bug: 239
Change-Id: I8ace749393d359f42649a5bb0734597bb7c07a2e
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Replace them with asserts and better justify why each of the internal
cases are not reachable. Also change the loop to count up to bits+1 so
it is obvious there is no memory error. (The previous loop shape made
more sense when ec_compute_wNAF would return a variable length
schedule.)
Change-Id: I9c7df6abac4290b7a3e545e3d4aa1462108e239e
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Rather than expose a (potentially) assembly function directly, wrap it
in a C function to make visibility control easier.
Change-Id: I4a2dfeb8999ff021b2e10fbc54850eeadabbefff
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This introduces EC_FELEM, which is analogous to EC_SCALAR. It is used
for EC_POINT's representation in the generic EC_METHOD, as well as
random operations on tuned EC_METHODs that still are implemented
genericly.
Unlike EC_SCALAR, EC_FELEM's exact representation is awkwardly specific
to the EC_METHOD, analogous to how the old values were BIGNUMs but may
or may not have been in Montgomery form. This is kind of a nuisance, but
no more than before. (If p224-64.c were easily convertable to Montgomery
form, we could say |EC_FELEM| is always in Montgomery form. If we
exposed the internal add and double implementations in each of the
curves, we could give |EC_POINT| an |EC_METHOD|-specific representation
and |EC_FELEM| is purely a |EC_GFp_mont_method| type. I'll leave this
for later.)
The generic add and doubling formulas are aligned with the formulas
proved in fiat-crypto. Those only applied to a = -3, so I've proved a
generic one in https://github.com/mit-plv/fiat-crypto/pull/356, in case
someone uses a custom curve. The new formulas are verified,
constant-time, and swap a multiply for a square. As expressed in
fiat-crypto they do use more temporaries, but this seems to be fine with
stack-allocated EC_FELEMs. (We can try to help the compiler later,
but benchamrks below suggest this isn't necessary.)
Unlike BIGNUM, EC_FELEM can be stack-allocated. It also captures the
bounds in the type system and, in particular, that the width is correct,
which will make it easier to select a point in constant-time in the
future. (Indeed the old code did not always have the correct width. Its
point formula involved halving and implemented this in variable time and
variable width.)
Before:
Did 77274 ECDH P-256 operations in 10046087us (7692.0 ops/sec)
Did 5959 ECDH P-384 operations in 10031701us (594.0 ops/sec)
Did 10815 ECDSA P-384 signing operations in 10087892us (1072.1 ops/sec)
Did 8976 ECDSA P-384 verify operations in 10071038us (891.3 ops/sec)
Did 2600 ECDH P-521 operations in 10091688us (257.6 ops/sec)
Did 4590 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 10055195us (456.5 ops/sec)
Did 3811 ECDSA P-521 verify operations in 10003574us (381.0 ops/sec)
After:
Did 77736 ECDH P-256 operations in 10029858us (7750.5 ops/sec) [+0.8%]
Did 7519 ECDH P-384 operations in 10068076us (746.8 ops/sec) [+25.7%]
Did 13335 ECDSA P-384 signing operations in 10029962us (1329.5 ops/sec) [+24.0%]
Did 11021 ECDSA P-384 verify operations in 10088600us (1092.4 ops/sec) [+22.6%]
Did 2912 ECDH P-521 operations in 10001325us (291.2 ops/sec) [+13.0%]
Did 5150 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 10027462us (513.6 ops/sec) [+12.5%]
Did 4264 ECDSA P-521 verify operations in 10069694us (423.4 ops/sec) [+11.1%]
This more than pays for removing points_make_affine previously and even
speeds up ECDH P-256 slightly. (The point-on-curve check uses the
generic code.)
Next is to push the stack-allocating up to ec_wNAF_mul, followed by a
constant-time single-point multiplication.
Bug: 239
Change-Id: I44a2dff7c52522e491d0f8cffff64c4ab5cd353c
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27668
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
This does not appear to actually pull its weight. The purpose of this
logic is to switch some adds to the faster add_mixed in the wNAF code,
at the cost of a rather expensive inversion. This optimization kicks in
for generic curves, so P-384 and P-521:
With:
Did 32130 ECDSA P-384 signing operations in 30077563us (1068.2 ops/sec)
Did 27456 ECDSA P-384 verify operations in 30073086us (913.0 ops/sec)
Did 14122 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 30077407us (469.5 ops/sec)
Did 11973 ECDSA P-521 verify operations in 30037330us (398.6 ops/sec)
Without:
Did 32445 ECDSA P-384 signing operations in 30069721us (1079.0 ops/sec)
Did 27056 ECDSA P-384 verify operations in 30032303us (900.9 ops/sec)
Did 13905 ECDSA P-521 signing operations in 30000430us (463.5 ops/sec)
Did 11433 ECDSA P-521 verify operations in 30021876us (380.8 ops/sec)
For single-point multiplication, the optimization is not useful. This
makes sense as we only have one table's worth of additions to convert
but still pay for the inversion. For double-point multiplication, it is
slightly useful for P-384 and very useful for P-521. However, the next
change to stack-allocate EC_FELEMs will more than compensate for
removing it. (The immediate goal here is to simplify the EC_FELEM
story.)
Additionally, that this optimization was not useful for single-point
multiplication implies that, should we wish to recover this, a modest
8-entry pre-computed (affine) base point table should have the same
effect or better.
Update-Note: I do not believe anything was calling either of these
functions. (If necessary, we can always add no-op stubs as whether a
point is affine is not visible to external code. It previously kicked in
some optimizations, but those were removed for constant-time needs
anyway.)
Bug: 239
Change-Id: Ic9c51b001c45595cfe592274c7d5d652f4234839
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27667
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <agl@google.com>
(Imported from upstream's 753316232243ccbf86b96c1c51ffcb41651d9ad5.)
Just to sync up a bit further.
Change-Id: I805150d0f0c10d68648fae83603b0d46231ae4ec
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27685
Commit-Queue: Steven Valdez <svaldez@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Steven Valdez <svaldez@google.com>
CQ-Verified: CQ bot account: commit-bot@chromium.org <commit-bot@chromium.org>
If the caller asked for the base to be treated as secret, we should
provide that. Allowing unbounded inputs is not compatible with being
constant-time.
Additionally, this aligns with the guidance here:
https://github.com/HACS-workshop/spectre-mitigations/blob/master/crypto_guidelines.md#1-do-not-conditionally-choose-between-constant-and-non-constant-time
Update-Note: BN_mod_exp_mont_consttime and BN_mod_exp_mont now require
inputs be fully reduced. I believe current callers tolerate this.
Additionally, due to a quirk of how certain operations were ordered,
using (publicly) zero exponent tolerated a NULL BN_CTX while other
exponents required non-NULL BN_CTX. Non-NULL BN_CTX is now required
uniformly. This is unlikely to cause problems. Any call site where the
exponent is always zero should just be replaced with BN_value_one().
Change-Id: I7c941953ea05f36dc2754facb9f4cf83a6789c61
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27665
Commit-Queue: David Benjamin <davidben@google.com>
CQ-Verified: CQ bot account: commit-bot@chromium.org <commit-bot@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Steven Valdez <svaldez@google.com>
As the point may be the output of some private key operation, whether Z
accidentally hit one is secret.
Bug: 239
Change-Id: I7db34cd3b5dd5ca4b96980e8993a9b4eda49eb88
Reviewed-on: https://boringssl-review.googlesource.com/27664
Reviewed-by: Adam Langley <alangley@gmail.com>
